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With the Compliments of 




Olerk of the Senate of llfassstchusetts. 





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SS5 <ic h oLse-iTS . 



In Commemoration 



LIFE AND PUBLIC SERVICES 



Frederic T. Greenhalge. 



LATE GOVERNOR OF THE COMMONWEALTH. 




By Transfsr 

MAR 30 1917 



PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE GENERAL COURT. 




Commonfacalt^ of P^assat^usctts. 



IN THE YEAR ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND NINETY-SIX. 



Resolve 

TO PROVIDE FOR PUBLISHING A REPORT OF THE PUBLIC EXERCISES 

COMMEMORATIVE OF FREDERIC T. GREENHALGE. LATE 

GOVERNOR OF THE COMMONWEALTH. 

jpESOLVED, That there be allowed and paid out of the treas- 
ury of the Commonwealth a sum not exceeding one thousand 
dollars to meet the expense of publishing the report of the public 
exercises, held under the direction of the executive and leo-isla- 
tive departments of the Commonwealth, commemorative of the 
life and public services of Frederic T. Greenhalge, late governor 
of the Commonwealth. Said report shall be printed under the 
direction of the secretary of the Commonwealth and shall include 
a portrait of the late governor, the introductory remarks by His 
Honor Lieutenant-Governor Roger Wolcott, the prayer offered by 
the Rev. Edward Everett Hale and the eulogy pronounced by 
United States Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, also an appendix 
wherein shall be printed the programme at the public exercises 
and the resolutions adopted by the legislature. 

There shall be printed a sufficient ninnber of copies thereof to 
be distributed as follows : To the family of the late governor. 



THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 



twenty-five copies, to the lieutenant-governor, members of the 
executive council, the secretary, treasurer, auditor, . and attoniey- 
o-eneral of the Commonwealth, ten copies each, and to the secre- 
taries and messengers of the executive department, each one copy. 
To each member and officer of the General Court for the year 
eighteen hundred and ninety-six, ten copies. To each messenger 
and page of the General Court, and to each State House watch- 
man and elevator man, one copy. To each reporter regularly 
assigned a seat in the reporters' gallery, one copy. To the orator 
and chaplain of the day, each twenty-five copies. To each 
senator and representative from the Commonwealth in the con- 
gress of the United States, one cojjy. To the State library, twenty 
copies. To each free public library in the Commonwealth, one 
copy. To each city and town of the Commonwealth in which 
there is no free public library, one copy. To each historical 
society in the Commonwealth, one copy. To each state and terri- 
torj' in the United States, one copy. To the secretary of the 
Commonwealth for distribution at his discretion, two hundred 
copies. Approved May 15. 



CONTENTS. 



PAGE 

Introduction, 7 

Remarks by His Honor Roger Wolcott, 19 

Prayer by Rev. E. E. Hale, D.D., 23 

Eulogy by Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge, 27 

Programme of Public Exercises, 55 

Resolutions of the General Court, 59 

Proclamation, 61 

Memorial Tribute by the Council, 63 








Introduction. 



AT a meeting of the Executive Council held on 
Thursday, March 5, 1896, at ten o'clock in the fore- 
noon, His Honor the Lieutenant-Governor announced 
the death of His Excellency Frederic T. Greenhalge. 
The Council thereupon advised the issuing of the 
proclamation which is printed on page 61 of this 
volume. A committee, consisting of Councillors Har- 
low, Southwick and Ryder, was appointed to draft 
and report suitable resolutions, and also to confer with 
His Honor the Lieutenant-Governor and a joint com- 
mittee of the Legislature regarding arrangements for 
the funeral. 

It was also voted to invite the ex-members of the 
Executive Council who served during the term of 
Governor Greenhalge to accompany the Lieutenant- 
Governor and the Council to the funeral. 

On Thursday, March 5, 1896, both branches of the 
General Court were in receipt of the following com- 
munication : — 



THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 



Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 
Executive Dei-autmkxt, Boston, March 5, 1896. 

To the Honorable Senate and House of Representatives. 

His Excellency Frederic T. Greenhalge, Governor oi 
the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, died at his home 
in Lowell this fifth day of March at 12.30 a.m. It is 
with a profound sense of personal sorrow tliat 1 make 
this official announcement to your honorable bodies. 

Not for seventy-one years has the Commonwealth 
been called to mourn the death of hor supreme execu- 
tive magistrate during his term of office. The grief 
which her loyal citizens Avould ever feel at the un- 
timely death of one in high office is increased by 
their appreciation of the a1)ility, fidelity and courage 
which Governor Greenhalge has displayed in the i)cr- 
formance of his lal)orious and responsible duties. His 
d(!Voti()n to the best interests of the Conunonwealth 
has l)ecn conscientious and unremitting. He has not 
spared time or strength in her service. 

By his manly independence of thought and speech, 
by his high sense of loyalty and i)atriotism, and hy 
his kindliness of nature, he has endeared himself to 
all her citizens. His memory is safe in their kee})ing. 
His name will tind permanent place on the roll of 
those who liave faithfully and ably served the Com- 
monwealth of ^Massachusetts. 



INTRODUCTION. 9 



Your honorable bodies will doubtless take such 
action as may seem to you Ijetitting this solemn occa- 
sion, and I shall endeavor to meet the convenience of 
any committees that may l)e appointed, with the view 
of conferring as to the Ijcst methods of showing 
respect to his honored memory. 



Roger Wolcott, 

Lieutenant-Governor, Acting Oovernor. 



The message of the Acting Governor was read and 
referred to a joint special committee, consisting of 
President Lawrence and Messrs. Pearson, Galloupe 
and Roe of the Senate, with Speaker Meyer and 
Messrs. Myers of Cambridge, Ha^^es of Lowell, Slade 
of Fall River, George of Haverhill, L^tley of Brook- 
line, Tolman of Pittstield and Moriarty of Worcester 
of the House. This committee was instructed to con- 
fer with His Honor the Lieutenant-Governor and re- 
port what action should l)c taken l)y the General 
Court. Both branches then adjourned as a mark of 
respect to the memory of the late Governor. 

On the following day, March 6, the joint special 
committee, having conferred with His Honor the Lieu- 
tenant-Governor, reported in part as follows : — 



10 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 

"In accordance Avith the expressed wishes of the 
immediate family of Governor Greenhalge, the funeral 
services will take place in the First Congregational 
Church of Lowell on Monday next. The family are 
averse to a military display and have felt obliged 
to decline the general wish that the body lie in state. 
Salutes will be tired on Boston Common and in the 
city of Lowell during the day. Owing to the restricted 
space availal)le in the church and the wide-spread 
desire of the several departments of the State govern- 
ment, of citv governments and of oriranizcd bodies 
representing professional, business and patriotic soci- 
eties to attend, it is found necessary to announce to 
the pu])lic that the funeral services nuist necessarily 
])e of a somewhat private nature. Your committee, 
after consultation with the Acting Governor and the 
committee of the Council, have docidcMl that a i)ul)lic 
memorial service should l)e held in the city of Bos- 
ton, under the auspices of the Conmionwealth, on 
Patriots' Day; and, at this service, the attendance of 
representative delegations Avould be expected and pro- 
vided for. A formal memorial address would be deliv- 
ered by some distinguished orator, and such other 
exercises held as would be beiitting the dignity of the 
Connuonwcalth and the honorable memory of the late 
Governor. Tlie committee recommend that a joint 



INTRODUCTION. 



11 



committee of the two branches, consisting of the Presi- 
dent and twenty members of the Senate with the 
Speaker and one hundred members of the House of 
Representatives, be appointed to attend the funeral." 

The report was adopted, and in accordance there- 
with tlie joint committee was constituted as follows : — 





SENATORS. 






President, Geokge P. Lawrexce. 




Messrs. Sanger. 


Messrs. Malone. 


Messrs. Perkins. 


Galloupe. 


Corbett. 




McMorrow. 


Wellman. 


Roe. 




Reed. 


Darling. 


Pearson. 




Soule. 


Irwin. 


Quinn. 




Bartlett. 


Maccabe. 


Hutchinson. 




Woodfall. 


Blodgett. 


Atherton, 







REPRESENTATIVES. 



Fipenl-er, Geouge v. L. Meyer. 



Messrs. Cochran of Boston 
Bradley of Boston 
Shaw of Boston. 
Donovan of Boston. 
McCarthy of Boston. 
Rourke of Boston. 
Carroll of Boston. 
King of Boston. 
Reed of Jioston 



Messrs. Ilolden of Boston. 
Douglass of Boston. 
Gallivan of Boston. 
Norton of Boston. 
Reidy of Boston. 
Keliher of Boston. 
Krebs of Boston. 
Quirk of Boston. 
Davis of Boston. 



12 



THE GREENIIALGE MEMORIAL. 



Messrs. Tuttle of Boston. 
Mitchell of Boston. 
Barnes of Chelsea. 
Roberts of Chelsea. 
George of Haverhill. 
Webster of Haverhill. 
Fl3'nn of Lawrence. 
Dow of Lawrence. 
Howe of Georgetown. 
Bailey of Newbury. 
Lord of Ipswich. 
Tarr of Gloucester. 
Brown of Gloucester, 
Stocker of Beverly. 
Gauss of Salem. 
Russell of Salem. 
Fogg of Lynn. 
Allen of Lynn. 
Quint of Peabody. 
Myers of Cambridge. 
Dickinson of Cambridge. 
Fillmore of Cambridge. 
Evans of Cambridge. 
Stevens of Somerville. 
Mayo of Med ford. 
Brown of Everett. 
Jones of Melrose. 
Bancroft of Reading. 
Bond of Walthani. 
Hayden of Bedford. 



Messrs. Rourke of Lowell. 
Putnam of Lowell. 
O'Connor of Lowell. 
Roper of Lowell. 
Haj^es of Lowell. 
Stevens of Dracut. 
Iloban of Lowell. 
Woodbury of Hopkinton. 
Adams of Framingham. 
Kelton of Petersham. 
Fairbank of Warren. 
Thurston of Northbridge. 
Cooke of Milford. 
Howard of Clinton. 
Cowee of West Boylston. 
Weymouth of Fitchburg. 
Rice of Worcester. 
Moriarty of Worcester 
Melaven of Worcester. 
Addis of Northampton. 
Storrs of Ware. 
Van Deusen of We.stfield. 
Sheehan of Holyoke. 
Fuller of Springfield. 
Stone of Springfield. 
King of Monson. 
Kenefick of Palmer. 
Parsons of Greenfield. 
Maj'O of Montague. 
Kearn of North Adams. 



INTRODUCTION. 



13 



Messrs. Tolnian of Pittsfield. 

Ray of Great Barrington. 

Humphrey of Dedham. 

Utley of Brookline. 

Light of Hyde Park. 

Flint of Weymouth. 

Gallison of Franklin. 
Bailey of Plymouth. 
Hammond of Norwell. 
Gray of Rockland. 
Hanson of Brockton. 



Messrs. Tilton of Brockton. 

Porter of N. Attleboro'. 
Wheaton of Attleboro'. 
Waterman of Taunton, 
Holt of Taunton. 
Davis of Freetown. 
Denham of New Bedford. 
Francis of New Bedford. 
Mills of Fall River. 
Crocker of Barnstable. 
Gardner of Nantucket. 



On the same day an act was passed, under suspen- 
sion of the rules, authorizing the heads of the several 
departments and commissions of the State government 
to close their offices on the day of the funeral. Both 
branches of the General Court adjourned over until 
Tuesday, the 10th of March. 

On Monday, March 9, the several departments of 
the government of the Commonwealth, under the gen- 
eral direction of the Sergeant-at-Arms, Capt. John 
G. B. Adams, proceeded to Lowell, where the funeral 
exercises were held in the First Congregational Church, 
beginning at the hour of 2.30 o'clock p.m. The ser- 
vices were as follows : — 



14 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 

ORDER OF SERVICE. 

Organ. Funeral March, Chopin 

Reading of the Scriptures. ■ 

Chant. " I will lift up mine eyes," . . Dr. Elvery 

Address, Kev. George Batchelor. 

Hymn. "Go to the Grave," Dr. Hopkins 

Death of a Christian in his Prime. 

Prayer. 

"Cast thy burden upon the Lord," .... Mendelssohn 

Benediction. 

Organ, . . . March, from Bcelhoveyi's Eroica Sympihony 

The burial was in the Lowell Cemetery. 

The resolutions on the death of the Governor 
(printed on page 5!)) were considered in the Senate, 
Thursday, April 2, and in the House, Tuesday, April 
7, remarks thereon being- made by Senators Pearson, 
Dallinger, Hoe, Irwin, Galloupe, Everett, Morse and 
Sullivan, and l)y llepresentatives Myers of Cambridge, 
Moriarty of AVorcester, Hayes of Lowell, Tolman of 
Bo.ston, Krebs of Boston, l.rown of Everett, Harwood 
of Newton, Kourke of lioston. Creed of Boston, Evans 



INTRODUCTION. -, k 

15 

of Caml,ri,lge and Reed of Boston. The resolutions 
were unanimously adopted hy a rising vote in eael, 
branch. 

At a conference bet^yeen the committees of the Ex- 
ecutive Council and the General Court, a special com- 
mittee, consisting of Hon. John M. Harlow of the 
Executive Council, Hon. George P. Lawrence, Presi- 
dent of the Senate, and Hon. George v. L. Meyer 
Speaker of the House of Representatives, was appointed 
to make arrangements for public exercises in Mechanics 
Hall. This committee appointed Mr. Courtenay Guild 
of Boston as its secretary and executive officer. 

At a meeting of the Executive Council held on 
Thursday, March 12, Councillor Harlow, for the com- 
mittee appointed to draft resolutions, reported a Memo- 
rial Tribute (printed on page 63 of this volume), which 
was unanimously adopted hy a rising vote. 

Saturday, April 18, the day before Patriots' Day, 
the legislative commemoration of the life and services 
of the late Governor was held in Mechanics Hall 
Boston. The hall had been beautifully bedecked with 
flowers, while the drapery of mourning was relieved 
with a plentiful display of red, white and blue. In 
addition to the principal civil and military officers of 
the Commonwealth and a vast concourse of citizens, 
there were present, as guests, Governors Charles A.' 



in THE GUEENIIALGE MEMORIAL. 
i4 

Busiel of New Hampshire, Charles "\V. Lippitt of 
Rhode Ishiiid and O. A^inccnt Coffin of Connecticut. 
Prominent \x\)on the platform was the bust of the late 
Governor l)y S. J. Kitson, the same which, in marl)lc, 
had recently been i)resented to the Commonwealth l»y 
citizens of Lowell. On each side of the platform hung 
entablatures upon which were inscribed chosen words 
of the late Governor, — those to the left l)einLS "I 
have in my heart a grander })roject, the miitication 
of the people of Massachusetts and the ])C()})1(' of 
America;" and those to the right, "The character 
of the Legislature of Massachusetts shouhl bo as high 
as the character of Massachusetts ; it is, in fact, the 
character of Massachusetts." 



PUBLIC EXERCISES 



Mechanics Hall, Boston, 



April 18, 1896, 




INTRODUCTORY REMARKS 



His Honor Roger Wolgott. 



THE people of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts 
are here assembled to do honor to the memory 
of one who has died in her service. Bravely and 
wisely did he bear the great trust which they reposed 
in him, and he now rests from his labors. We may 
believe that even now there may come to his ears 
some far-off echoes of the praise and love which will 
to-day be coupled with his name. 

From other lips than mine will find utterance the 
public estimate of his character and career. They are 
a part of the history of the State, a part of the great 
legacy which each })assing generation bequeaths to 
those who are to follow. For years to come his life 
will speak its lesson, and will bear its inspiration and 
incentive to generous emulation. 

This 1)oy, l)orn ])eyond the sea, early drew deep 
breaths of the free air of open opportunity which 



20 THK GllEENIIALGE MEMORIAL. 

])athes our land, and the blood as it ran in his veins 
tino-led red with an intense love of the country and 
the institutions which had become his very own. 
His pul)lic speech, as did his i)rivato conversation, 
not only glowed with earnestness of conviction, but 
exhibited the charm of expression which those alone 
possess on whose birth the muses have smiled. 

He had read much, and his memory was obedient 
to his will. His hand knew well how to wield the 
rapier of satire, Imt the ))lade was so keen that it 
left no jagged wound, and no poison tipped its point. 
His ready wit and ever-present humor were never 
allowed to chill the heart that beat warm and loyal in 
his breast. 

As the years brought greater and greater trusts at 
the hands of his fellow-citizens his spirit rose to 
meet them, and in increasing measure he showed high 
purpose, courage and independence. He labored dili- 
o-ently to give to the })ublic the best service of which 
he was capable, and the i)eople were not slow to 
return him their confidence and respect. Thousands 
loved him as a friend, all honored him as a magis- 
trate worthy to hold tlie high commission of the Com- 
monwealth he loved. 

Besides the more personal memory, which is too 
sacred for us to profane, he leaves to his children the 



INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. 21 



inheritance of distinguished public service highly con- 
ceived and nobly rendered. His name will lono- lino-er 
in the memory of men as of one who died untimely, 
with the laurels of greater triumphs awaiting his 
grasp, but of whom it may truly be said that he had 
fought the good fight and had kept the faith. 

In the persons of their chief executive officers, our 
sister States of New England join with us in reverent 
commemoration of the dead. Prayer will ascend to 
the throne of Almighty God, solemn music will roll 
forth its dirge of sorrow and its song of patriotic 
fervor, the tril)ute of discriminating praise will l)e 
spoken l)y eloquent lips, l)ut the voice in the hearts 
of the people speaks with deeper import still, and to 
that he would most willingly hearken. 



PRAYER 



Rev. Edward Everett Hale, D.D. 



ALMIGHTY GOD, Lord of lords and King of kings, 
our Father, all around us in the majesty of thy 
heaven, thou knowest how we need thy strength in 
our weakness, thy light in our darkness and thy con- 
solation in our sorrow. Thou hast been with us as thou 
wert with our fathers, even as we have asked thee 
again and airain. Thou hast led us from the beo-innino: 
to this moment. It is in thy providence that our rulers 
are from ourselves and our governors from the midst 
of us. And now thou art pleased to lift thy servant to 
higher service, where he sees as he is seen, Avhere he 
knows as he is known. And we wait a little longer. 
Oh, God, come to us, thy children ; give strength to 
us in this our service, that we may rest in thine 
arms. 

AVe do thank thee for such lives ; we thank thee 
for his courage, for liis faith, for his gentle tender- 



24 THE GKKKNIIALGE MEMORIAL. 

ness ; wc thank tlicc that lie Avciit and came amonff 
this pGoplo, knowinir the Savionr's lesson, that he who 
is greatest among us must l)e servant of all : that he 
was willing to serve as he had opportunity, and to do 
the duty that came next his hand. An<l now he leaves 
us for the higher service of the living (rod, and we 
are left to do what has not been done. 

Oh, Father, l)e with thy servants, the magistrates 
of this Connnon wealth ; he wnth the General Court in 
its assembly ; he with all who are called to positions 
of trust and honor, that they may know thee, the 
first and greatest knowledge, and be strong in thine 
infinite strength. Be pleased to he with the Com- 
monwealth, with our children and Avitli our children's 
children, that they may remember how the fathers 
chose such men to office, and that they may thank 
thee for the constitution which gives to us such ser- 
vants and magistrates. 

Xor do Ave pray for ourselves alone. These are no 
selfish prayers. A^'e pray for all our hrethren of all 
the States, for the United States of America, made 
one out of many, even as the Saviour i)rayed ; that 
their rulers may he thy servants, that their law may be 
thy law, and that thus we may be that hai)py jjcople 
whose God is the Lord. A\''e pray for all the nations 
of the world, that tlu^ sword may everywhere be 



PRAYER BY REV. E. E. HALE, D.D. 25 

sheathed, that men may study war no more, that they 
may know how to live at peace as brethren, that so 
thy kingdom may come, even as thou hast promised. 
Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be thy 
name ; thy kingdom come ; thy will be done on 
earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily 
bread, and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive 
those who trespass against us ; and lead us not into 
temptation, but deliver us from evil, for thine is the 
kingdom and the power and the glory forever and 
ever, amen. 



EULOGY 



Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge. 



THE great mystery of death is always the same. 
Whether we behold it under "the canopies of 
costly state," or on the edge of a murky city river, 
where the body of some nameless outcast has been 
washed ashore, we bare our heads and bow in reverence 
before the poor piece of earth ; yesterday humanity, 
to-day in its stillness the visible sign of that overruling 
Power which alike guides the universe and ' ' doth the 
ravens feed, yea, providently caters for the sparrow." 
Yet there are certain circumstances which heighten 
and sharpen the always solemn lesson of death. When 
a man is cut down in his prime, with all his natural 
force unabated and his power of mind and character 
still widening and strengthening, the ])low strikes us 
with peculiar keenness. When that man is also the 
actual representative of the sovereignty of the State, 
to whom have been given authority and command, 
and in whose hands has been placed the power to 



28 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 

give or withhold liberty and life, his death touches 
the heart and the imagination alike, and the lesson 
of mortality sounds to us in louder and deeper tones 
than ever before. Then come home to us the words 
of the Elizabethan poet : — 

" The glories of our blood and state 
Are shadows, not substantial things; 
There is no armor against fate ; 
Death lays his icy hand on kings." 

Such has been the sad experience of Massachusetts 
within the last month. For the first time in seventy 
years, the psalmist's span of human life, the governor 
of the Commonwealth has died in office. He has died 
with all his honors thick upon him, in the meridian 
of his usefulness, beloved and respected by all con- 
ditions of men. 

The office of governor has always meant a great deal 
to the people of Massachusetts. The early colonial 
tradition of the days when under a trading charter 
the Puritans built u}) an independent State has never 
been lost. That tradition taught men to hold in rever- 
ence the head of the State Avhich embodied for them 
and their fathers before them the great struggle for 
religious and political independence which had brought 
them to the wiklerness. Never since has the governor- 
ship of the old State sunk in importance or come to 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 29 



occupy a secondary place in the political Avorld. To 
be governor of Massachusetts has always been regarded 
by the people of the State as one of the highest honors 
to which a son of Massachusetts could attain. Tho 
people of other States have sometimes jested at this 
sentiment of ours, l)ut it is none the less noble and 
wise. It springs from the just State pride which we 
all feel, and has done much to give us the long line 
of distinguished men who have filled the high place 
of our chief magistrate. This sentiment in regard to 
the ofiice encircles our governors with respect and 
honor while they live, and brings us in reverence and 
aftection to mourn them when they are dead. Thus 
it is peculiarly fitting that the State should show to 
the memory of a governor who died at his post, faith- 
ful to the last, the honor in which his high office is 
held ]^y all the people of the Commonwealth. 

But there is another and still better reason than this 
for the grief of the State, for the action of the official 
representatives of the people and for these services 
here to-day. The governor, in virtue of his high 
place, is entitled to these honors, l)ut the man himself 
has earned them l)y his pul)lic service, his character 
and his career, — better titles to the respect and sor- 
row of Massachusetts than an}- official distinction can 
ever irive. 



30 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 

The old saying, '* Speak naught hut good of the 
dead," although sometimes ahused and still oftener 
sneered at, is, nevertheless, like many other old say- 
inofs, founded on the hroad and irencrous sense of 
mankind. Men who make their mark upon their time 
in any way, and espeeially public men, are certain to 
meet with a])uudance of censure and misunderstanding 
in the heated struggles of our active, energetic life. 
When they have passed into history, when Dr. John- 
son's limit of the hundred years necessary to a right 
estimate has come and gone, the historian is sure to 
asrain criticise them in his turn with entire coolness, 
and let us hoi)e with more justice than their con- 
temporaries. It is only right, therefore, and it is 
necessary also to that final summing uj) of history, 
when friendship and enmity have alike paled their 
fires, that there should be a moment in which all that 
is best in a man's life and work should be set forth 
without deduction, free alike from the sharpness of 
the contemporary critic or the cold l)alancing of the 
future historian. Such a moment comes Asiicn we 
stand beside the hardly closed grave, and ^hen grief 
and aftection for the dead are uppermost in our 
hearts. 

It is the fashion to call such utterances at such a 
time eulogy, which, after all, means merely the good 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 31 

word ; and it is also the fashion to think of eulogy 
as in a large measure conventional and insincere. 
But this is, after all, a shallow and a narrow view. 
Rough manners do not necessarily mean rugged hon- 
esty, although they are sometimes employed to convey 
that idea. Eulogy is more likely to be true than 
invective, and good words than l)ad. Criticism has 
fallen so much into the evil habit of mere fault-find- 
ing that it is generally understood to mean only hos- 
tile comment. It is too often forgotten that the true 
function of criticism is to point out merits as well as 
defects, and that the highest criticism is that which, 
unblinded by prejudice and fearless in its blame of 
error, shows to the world what is best in a l)ook or 
in a man. Therefore, we meet to-day not to utter the 
vain commonplaces of perfunctory praise in memory of 
a man who loved truth and hated shams, but to eulo- 
gize our dead governor because he deserves eulogy, 
the good words of truth which love and sorrow bring 
naturally to our lips. 

The highest praise we can bestow upon any man is 
to say that the story of his life, of what he said and 
what he did, of what he was and how he took part in 
the life of his time, is his best eulogy. We can say 
this truthfully of our dead governor, and it is enough, 
for that simple statement is in itself the full meed of 



32 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 

honor. It is in his life that I have found liis best 
eulogy, for there his own works praise him better than 
any words of mine can possil)ly do. 

Frederic Thomas Greenhalge was l)orn in Clitheroe, 
county of Lancaster, England, July 19, 1842, the only 
son in a family of seven children of William and Jane 
(Slater) Greenhalge. The father, William Greenhalge, 
was the son of Thomas Greenhalg of Burnley. The 
latter was the son of John Greenhalg, who was the son 
of Thomas Greenhalg, attorney-at-law in Preston. The 
surname of the Lancaster family was apparently spelled 
without a final *'e," and is thoroughly and character- 
istically English. William Greenhalge, the father of 
the governor, is described by those who knew him as 
a man of education, and possessed also of much artistic 
ability. Some of the pictures painted ])y him in early 
life are said to l)e still preserved in Edenfield, where 
the family lived for a time. About the year 1847 
William Greenhalge joined his brother Thomas as a 
master engraver to calico printers, under tlie style of 
Greenhalge Bros., their works being situated at Stub- 
bins bridge, between Rams Bottom and Edenfield. The 
business, however, did not prosper, and in May, 1855, 
William Greenhalge with his wife and family emigrated 
to America in order to improve his fortunes, and in 
pursuance of an engagement with the Merrimac Printing 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 33 



Company at Lowell to take the general management of 
the engraving department at a salary of four hundred 
pounds per annum, and an increase at the expiration 
of three years. The salary was a high one for those 
times, and it shows beyond all doubt that William 
Greenhalge was a man of training and artistic capacity, 
able to take control of the important department of 
design, upon which the success of print works so largely 
depends. 

As soon as he had settled in his new position his 
children were sent to school, and his only son, who 
w^as evidently a precocious lad, early took high rank 
in his classes. In the high school at Lowell he is 
recalled as the leafier of his class and the first winner 
of the Carney medal. He also showed, even at this 
early age, the taste for literature which accompanied 
him through life, by establishing a school review, 
edited and written by the boys, which I believe is 
still continued. As was to be expected, this eager, 
active-minded boy longed for the highest education, 
and in the fall of 1859, after the usual preparation, 
he entered Harvard College. His course there was not 
without distinction. At the close of his sophomore 
year he was elected orator of the "Institute of 1770," 
and subsequently became one of the editors of the old 
Harvard Magazine. 



34 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 



Love of learning In-ouglit liini to Harvard through 
much hard work and many sacrifices. But ho was not 
a mere bookworm. He iiad then, as always, that sanest 
of qualities, — a great love for outdoor air and out- 
door sports. His fondness for them, indeed, resulted 
in an accident from which he suti'cred for many years. 
Those were the days, not of the footl)all. games which 
we know and which timid people denounce, because 
now and then some one is hurt, l)ut of what Avere 
known as football fights, in which there was very little 
football and a great deal of fighting. The classes 
faced each other on the Delta with the football l)e- 
tween them, and fought. It was a rough pastime, in 
which, in one form or another, English-speaking boys 
have always indulged, and which has done the race a 
great deal of good in the long run. The Duke of 
Wellington thought that the spirit it bred enabled 
him to win the battle of Waterloo. Greenhalge 
went in with his fellows because he was thoroughly 
brave and healtliy-mind(;d, and loved to taste the 
delight of battle with his peers. If he had not h;id 
that spirit he would not have l)een the man he was, 
and it went with him through life. He had the 
ill-luck to be one of those who were seriously hurt. 
In a fall he injured his back and sufiered much 
from it for some time afterwards, but he never com- 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 35 



plained, Jind was always glad that ho stood up in the 
rough football fight just as he stood up in later years 
with the same spirit in the greater battles of profes- 
sional and public life. 

He loved his college life in all its phases, but he 
was not destined to complete his course at that time. 
His college career was suddenly interrupted by the 
death of his father in 1862, his junior year at Har- 
vard, and the young student of twenty suddenly be- 
came the main stay and sole support of his mother 
and six sisters. Like many another college boy 
brought sharply face to face with the hardest realities 
of life, Greenhalge found temporary employment as a 
school teacher at Chelmsford. Subsequently he was 
employed in the American bolt shop at Lowell, but 
devoted all his spare time to the study of law in the 
office of Brown & Alger. While he was thus meeting 
the responsibilities thrust upon him, the nation was 
engaged in the mighty struggle of the civil war. To 
this Mr. Greenhalge could not remain indifferent. He 
had become a thorough American. He hated slavery, 
and love of country was strong within him. So Jie 
put aside all private interests and determined to enter 
the army. Unfortunately, his physical condition at 
that time, owing to the accident in college, was not 
good, and the examining surgeon, to whom he pre- 



36 THE GREENIIALGE MEMORIAL. 



scnted himself, rejected liiiii with the comment that 
there were enough "sick boys in the hospitals al- 
ready." Greenhalge's action was characteristic of the 
man. Despite the medical verdict, he determined to 
go to the front, be the cost what it might. Accord- 
ingly, in October of 1803 he went to Xewlierne, 
N. C, and was there placed in the commissary de- 
partment. AVhen the city was attacked,' in February, 
1864, he offered his services in the defence, and was 
given a command in a force of colored troops. While 
engaged in that duty he was stricken down with mala- 
rial fever, and after a few weeks' illness was sent 
home. This was his first glimpse of the South, to 
which a little more than thirty years later he was to 
return on another and far different errand, as the gov- 
ernor of Massachusetts, bearing a message of frater- 
nity and good-will to a sister State. He had thrown 
his whole energy into the Union cause, and the 
result of his efforts was bitterly disappointing. There 
was a touch of pathos in the way he summed up 
his army experience. "I got," he says, "neither 
commission, pension nor record, — nothing l)ut ma- 
laria." Yet he deserved as much credit as men who 
got all three, for he gave all he could. He served 
wherever he could help his country, without a thought 
of self, and no man can do juore. 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 37 



After his recovery from the iUncss caused by his 
service in tlie Union army he renewed his law studies, 
and in 1865 he was admitted to the Middlesex bar, 
entering at once upon the practice of his profession. 
In 1870 he received from Harvard the degree of A.B. 
Two years later he married Miss Nesmith, daughter 
of Lieut. -Gov. John Kesmith, whose name and family 
have been so long and honorably connected with the 
growth and upbuilding of Lowell from the earliest 
days of the city. He was now established in life. 
Happy in his home and his marriage, devoted to his 
children, earnest in the pursuit of his profession, he 
was also respected l)y his fellow townsmen and popular 
in society, where his charm of manner, his wit and 
humor, his cleverness as an amateur actor, were all 
appreciated. 

Four years l)efore his marriage he had taken his 
iirst step in pul)lic life. In 1868 he was chosen to 
the common council, and was re-elected the following 
year. He also organized the Grant Campaign Club in 
Lowell, and was its 1)usiness manager. It has been 
said that Mr. Greenhalge's friends found it difficult at 
first to interest him in active politics, although the 
larger public questions always absorbed his attention. 
How true this may be I do not know, l)ut his ai)ti- 
tude for political afiairs and his gift of eloquent 



38 THE gkeeniial(;k memorial. 



speech Averc iiiiniist:ik:il)lc, and, oikt cniharkcd in a 
political carcci-, lie soon bccanic a leader in mnnieipal 
affairs. Sueli honors and responsihilities as the city 
could <:'i\e eanie to him in \aried toi'nis for \vell-nii:h 
a score of years, ajid it is evident that he early won 
and never lost a hii:Ii place in the esteem and affec- 
tion of" the jx'ople of Lowell. From 1S71 to l-STo h(^ 
was a miMuber of the school hoard. In 1<S74 he was 
made a special justice of the ])()lico court at Lowell, 
and served for ten years, when he resi^ne*!. In 1S7!> 
he was hrouuht forward as a candidate for mayoi'. 
This was done in the face of the op])()siti()n of many 
of the older politicians, who feared that he eould not 
develop strength enough to heat his opponent, a i)o})u- 
lar Democratic leader. His friends thought otherwise, 
went vigorously to work, and carried Greenhalge dele- 
gates in four of the six Avards. Events justitied their 
wisdom and their belief in tlieir candidate, for ]Mr. 
Greenhalge Avas elected by a handsome majority, and 
served during the years l.SSO and 1881, showing the 
same independence of thought and action whieh were 
so characteristic of his whole career. During his term 
of office he presided at the memorial exercises held on 
the south connuon in memory of President (Jartield, 
and delivered u})on that oecasion an address whit-h was 
much admired at the time, and which added to his 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 39 

growing reputation as a speaker. He also drafted 
the memorial resolutions adopted by the city council. 
In 1881 he was an unsuccessful candidate for State 
senator. 

Three years later he was elected a delegate from the 
Lowell district to the Repul)lican national convention 
at Chicago. It was there that I was first brought into 
close relations with him. I liad known him before, 
but only slightly. At Chicago I came to know him 
well, and I have very seldom met any man who 
attracted me so strongly and so quickly. We were 
fighting a losing fight against the popular candidate, 
because we thought it our duty to do so. It was a 
trying position, and I was at once impressed by Mr. 
Greenhalge's good sense, l)y his modesty, his entire 
fearlessness and his indifterence to personal consider- 
ations. "What most drew me to him was that quick 
sympathy which was his greatest charm, and which 
was enhanced l)y his sense of humor, the most sym- 
pathetic of all (qualities. As is well known, we were 
beaten in the convention ; l)ut, although the contest 
had been heated and even bitter, ]\Ir. Greenhaljre 
did not swerve or vary in his loyalty to his party, or 
in the fidelity which we ])elieved simple honesty and 
good faitli required us as delegates to show to the 
brilliant leader whom wo hud opposed and whom the 



40 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 

convention nominated. As soon as he reached home 
Mr. Greenhalge at once made a strong speech in 
Lowell in support of Mr. Blaine and of the Kepubli- 
can party, whose principles and })olicics he believed 
essential to the welfare and })rosperity of the country. 
As he began, so lie went on, and gave generously, as 
he always did, of his time and strengtli to ui)liolding 
and advocating the Republican cause. 

In the year following the presidential election he 
was one of the Lowell Representatives to the lower 
branch of the State Legislature, where he did excel- 
lent service. He was elected, owing to his personal 
popularity, in a Democratic district, Init was defeated 
for re-election by one vote. Upon the occasion of 
the semi-centennial of Lowell in 1886 he delivered 
the historical address, which added still further to his 
reputation as an orator. In 1888 he was chosen city 
solicitor. 

His successful career in Lowell, together with his 
popularity, his services in the political campaigns and 
his standing as a })u])lic speaker had already marked 
him for higher i)referment, and as a man fit for a 
larger field of action. The presidential campaign of 
1888 at last brought the opportunity, and his party in 
the district turned to him as their candidate for Con- 
gress. The fiijlit which followed his nomination was a 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 41 



stubborn one, but lie made an aggressive and eflfective 
canvass, and was elected hy a handsome plurality. 

When he resigned his office as city solicitor in 
1889 to go to Washington, the first period of his life 
closed. He was now to enter upon the l)r()ader field 
of national politics, and he came to it at a time of 
great stress and excitement. The 51st Congress was 
not a peaceful one. It was the second Republican 
Congress since the days of Grant, and the party ma- 
jority hung by a slender thread. There was a great 
work to l)e done, nothing less than the reform of the 
rules and the restoration to the majority of its rio-hts 
and responsibilities. The opening days of the session 
were marked l)y great turbulence, and all the known 
tactics of olistructive parliamentary warfare were re- 
sorted to by a resolute and defiant opposition. It was 
a time which demanded the best resources of trained 
and experienced leadership, and there seemed to be 
but a slight opening for a new and untried man. 
When the House organized and the committees were 
announced, Mr. Greenhalge found himself placed on 
the committees on elections, revision of the laws and 
reform in the civil service. To the first of these com- 
mittees was intrusted the important function of hear- 
ing and deciding contests for seats, of which there 
was an unusually large number in that Congress, most 



42 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 

of them comini' from Southern States. Partv feclinsr 
ran high, and the debates -svhieh followed the various 
reports on election cases provoked great partisan bit- 
terness. To the work of this committee Mr. Green- 
halge devoted himself with his accustomed energy and 
ability. 

The first case to be called up was that of Smith v. 
Jackson, from West Virginia. During this debate ]Mr. 
Greenhalge made his maiden speech. The occasion 
could not have been more happily selected. The 
House was crowded, and the interest was intense. 
His analysis of the legal points involved was lucid 
and convincing, and the whole speech Avas tinged with 
a delicious satire which caught the House at once. 
At the close he was accorded hearty and enthusiastic 
applause. The House recognized immediately that he 
was a sound lawyer, a brilliant speaker and a strong 
debater, and the opinion of the House on these points 
is of the best, and is not easily won. It was a tri- 
umph for a first s})cech. Henceforth his place was 
secure, and ho l)ccame at once one of tlio loaders of 
the House. His reputation thus made, he found him- 
self beset by every contestant for assistance. These 
appeals he found it difficult to resist, and ho did 
much effective work in i)laoing these election contro- 
versies before the House. The amount of la])or in- 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE, 43 

volved in sifting evidence in each case was immense, 
but the reward came in the form of an established 
legal and forensic reputation. It is impossible to do 
more than allude to perhaps his rhost eloquent effort 
while a member of the House, the speech made in 
the Waddill v. Wise case. Edmund Waddill, Jr., the 
Republican candidate, contested the seat of his Demo- 
cratic opponent, who had been given the certificate 
of election from one of the Virginia districts. It 
was clearly shown in the evidence that in three pre- 
cincts of one ward in the city of Richmond long lines 
of colored voters had remained standing in front of 
the election booths throughout the night before elec- 
tion and during the entire election da}^ until the polls 
were closed, in the vain hope of being allowed to 
cast their ballots. The whole question of the right 
to the seat turned upon whether these Imllots shoulcT 
be counted. In the course of his speech Mr. Green- 
halge said : — 

' ' Shall the law be ineffectual ? Shall the whole 
majesty of the law stand silent, powerless, inactive 
as yonder obelisk, or shall that law 1)e clothed with 
power and strength enough to give to every man in 
that colored line the same rights that the white mil- 
lionnaire has? Mr. Speaker, I have heard and read 
with admiration of that mcniorablo thin, red line 



44 THE GREEN HALGE MEMORIAL. 

which repelled tlie tierv onset ot" Napoleon at Water- 
loo ; l)ut I say that this thin, l)lnck line, standing 
from sunrise to sunset in Jackson ward, means as 
much for human freedom and civil liberty as the 
memorable thin, red line at Waterloo. I go further, 
Mr. Speaker : I say that if this House does not do 
justice to every man in those lines in the first, third 
and fourth precincts of Jackson ward, in the city of 
Richmond, and count every vote there legally ten- 
dered, then the flaming lines of Gettysburg were 
nothing more than a vain and empty show, and even 
the grand words of Lincoln, spoken over the graves 
of Gettysburg, l)ecome only as ' sounding brass and 
tinkling cymbals.'" 

The wave of popular discontent which engulfed the 
party in power in 1890 carried ]\lr. Greenhalge down 
with it, despite his personal popularit}^ and owing to 
his neglect of his own interests by going out of liis 
district to give generous aid to other Kei)ul>licans. 
He made a gallant fight, but was defeated l)y about 
foui- hundred and fifty votes. If his disai)i)()iiitnient 
w^as acute at thus finding liiiusclf unexpectedly thrust 
back on the threshold of a l)i'illiaiit congressional 
career, no sign of it escai)ed liini. He went cheer- 
fully 1)ack to the jjractice of liis j)rofession, and there 
is no doubt tli.'it for a lime he* regarded his ])ul)lic 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 45 

life as closed. As early as April, 1892, in a letter 
to the chairman of the congressional committee, he 
declined to have his name considered as a candidate 
for Congress in the approaching canvass. 

The unlooked-for and accidental defeat of the Re- 
publican nominee for governor in 1892 made the 
selection of a new candidate probable in the succeed- 
ing year. Several gentlemen were put forward, and 
during the summer months of 1893 a friendly and 
earnest contest was waged for the nomination. Some 
time before the convention assembled, however, it 
became apparent that Mr. Greenhalge was the popu- 
lar choice, and the other candidates withdrew. The 
incidents of the campaign that followed are still fresh 
in the pul^lic mind. After a canvass of great bril- 
liancy, jNIr. Greenhalge was triumphantly elected, thus 
restoring the line of Republican governors, which had 
been broken for the longest period in the history of 
the party since it had l)een dominant in Massachu- 
setts, and on Jan. 4, 1894, he was inaugurated. In 
the fall of 1894 and again in 1895 he was re-elected 
by enormous majorities, the largest that have been 
cast for any governor in almost a generation. When 
he first received the nomination, he told the conven- 
tion that lie accepted it as the greatest responsibility 
of liis life, and his subsequent career showed that 



46 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 

this feeling: never left him for an instant. Throiiirli- 
out his administration he did his duty as he con- 
ceived it, without regard to his personal interests or 
to the efiect of his acts upon his own political fort- 
unes. He may have made mistakes ; every successful 
man who does things worth doing is sure to err at 
times, and he would have been the last man to claim 
infallibility, for he was too human and too manly ; 
but he never acted from a mean or low motive, and 
he had a quick and sound judgment. He decided 
each question as it was presented to him indepen- 
dently and fearlessly, not infrequently against the ad- 
vice and judgment of some of his warm supporters. 
He had entire courage, physical and moral. Early 
in his first term a mol) entered the State House. 
They had done no harm, but they were in that un- 
controlled condition when serious danger was likely 
to spring up in an instant. A mass of human beings 
in a i)anic or in a mol), excited and leaderless, is 
always a peril. When the governor heard that this 
crowd was in the State House and menacing the Leg- 
islature, he did not sto}) to consider what should be 
done, but went out at once and looked disorder so 
squarely in the face that quiet was restored. This 
was the quick instinct of the high-spirited man, when 
the sudden pressure comes, — the two-o'clock-in-the- 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 47 



morning courage which Napoleon admired. Governor 
Greenhalge sent no one; he went himself to meet 
the peril, if there was one, and at his comino- the 
danger foded and fled. 

Courage of a difterent kind he had also, that 

moral courage which makes a decision among conflict- 
ing interests, and after careful consideration, as he 
showed on various occasions. He did not shrink from 
putting his veto upon a measure which had a pow- 
erful interest or a popular cry behind it, whenever 
he thought his duty to the State required it; and 
the State sustained him, and even the people whom 
he disappointed in the end respected and trusted him 
more. He was not opinionated, but for none of his 
more important acts, when he came to review them 
dispassionately, did he experience any regret. He was 
justly conscious of his purity of motive, and the apol- 
ogetic attitude was one he never assumed. A con- 
spicuous instance of this trait appeared the last time 
he faced a Republican convention. He alluded to 
certain strictures which had been passed ui)on him, 
and then with an outburst of deep feeling he closed 
a brief reference to his course in office hy savin"- 
to the delegates who had just nominated him for the 
third time, "In the language of the great reformer, 
so help me God, I could not do otherwise." 



48 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 

He was diligent and industrious in his daily work, 
and never shirked details. AVith the growth of the 
State the labors of the Exeeutive have nudtiplied, and 
Governor Greenhalge discharged them all conscien- 
tiously and faithfully. The work now incident to the 
office, the Avork really due to the puhlic, is enough 
to tax sufficiently the strength and al)ility of any 
man. But insensibly there has grown n\) the habit 
of expecting the governor of ^Massachusetts to l)c 
present and to speak at all sorts of gatherings and 
on all kinds of occasions, wholly unofficial and in 
no sense properly i)ertaining to the office. These 
incessant demands Governor Greenhalge met with the 
generosity which was so marked a (|ualit\' of his 
character. But the demands ought never to have 
been made or complied with, for they put upon 
him such a burden and so strained both body and 
mind that at last his health gave way. At first the 
illness seemed trifling. Then with a terrible shock 
we heard that he was dying, and in a few days the 
end came. He died in his prime, worn out in the 
public service, and the people of a great American 
Commonwealth watched with loving sympathy over 
his last hours, and mourned beside his grave, near 
the busy city which he loved, and to which he had 
come, a little ])oy of English })irth, forty years before. 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 49 

So this honorable life of work and conflict, of 
happiness and success, closed. The first thought that 
conies to me as I look hack over the record, is the 
strong race quality shown by Governor Greenhalge. 
He was born in England. He was of ancient Enof- 
lish stock, formed by the mingling of Saxon and 
Dane years before the " galloping Norman came." 
He was thirteen years old when he came to Lowell, 
and all the strong associations of his childhood lie- 
longed to England. Yet no better, no more thorough 
American ever lived than he. There was no foreign 
prefix and no hyphen attached to his Americanism. 
He got his education here ; he absorbed the spirit 
of our life ; he was full of patriotism ; he was for 
America against the world. The fact is, he came 
from the old home of the English-speaking people, 
to find here the larger part of that people as it 
exists to-day ; and in both branches the great race 
qualities, forged and welded through more than a 
thousand years of toil and strife, are the same. 
The differences are superficial, the identities pro- 
found. To a man like Governor Greenhalge, the 
ideas, the beliefs, the habits, the aspirations of the 
great American democracy appealed more strongly 
than those of the land he had left. The air of 
America was more native to him than that of the 



50 THE GREENIIALGE MEMORIAL. 

country of his ))irtli. So he became and lived and 
died an American in every filjre of his l)eing, some- 
thing always worthy of remem1)rance among a people 
l)r{)ud of their country and l)elieving in its destiny. 

One reason for his .Vmericanism was that lie was 
democratic in the true sense, crino-ino' to no man, 
courteous to all. lie was simple in his life, devoted 
and tender to wife and children, a lover of home, — 
the altar and shrine of the race who read the Bible 
in the language of Shakespeare. He was brave and 
loyal, — loyal with that chivalrous loyalty which is 
not too common, but which leads a man like him to 
come unasked to the aid of a friend, and to give and 
take blows in a friend's behalf, as the Black Knisfht 
came to the side of Ivanhoe when he was sore beset. 

He was honest in word and deed, and untouched 
by the unwholesome passion for mere money, Avhich 
is one of the darkest jierils of these modern times. 
He loved literature and l)ooks with a real love and rev- 
erence, and held scholarship in honor, as it has always 
been held in New England, and I trust ever will be. 

Of his qualities and gifts as a public man there is 
little need for me to speak. They are known to you 
all, and arc fresh in your remembrance. The echoes 
of that ready speech, now Hashing with humor and 
satire, now rich in eloquence and feeling, in imagery 



EULOGY BY HON. HENRY CABOT LODGE. 51 

and allusion, still sound in our ears. With memory 
sharpened by sorrow, we all recall his ability in ad- 
ministration, his capacity for business, his unfailino- 
charm of manner, his simple but strong religious 
faith and his large and generous tolerance. These 
qualities were known and honored of all men, and 
they had their reward, not in the high offices which 
came to him, but in the confidence and aifection 
which he inspired. 

His was a life worth living. He made it so both 
for himself and for others. He did a man's work, 
he fought a man's fight, he made his mark upon his 
time. It is a life worth studying, not merely l)ecause 
it was an example of the rise from small beginnings 
to great conclusions, which it is one of the glories 
of our country to make possible for all men, but 
because it was a life of lofty aims, of high hopes, 
of honorable achievement. He has left us a fine and 
gracious memory, to be treasured in the history of 
the old State he served so well ; and let this thought 
mingle with our sadness and linger longest in our 
memories. Let us end as we began, with the Eliza- 
bethan poet, no longer stern, but in a softer, tenderer 
strain. Let us not forget that if "The garlands wither 
on our brow," it is also true that "The actions 
of the just smell sweet and blossom in the dust." 



Appendix. 



Programme. 



Presiding Officer^ . . His Honor Eoger Wolcott 
Overture to the Oratorio of "St. Paul," . Mendelssohn 

Orchestra. B. J. Lang, Conductor. 

Prayer, . . Rev. Edivard Everett Hale^ D.D. 
Requiem for Chorus and Orchestra, . Johannes BrahmS 

Sung by The Cecilia of Boston. B. J. Lang, Conductor. 
I. 

Blessed are they that go mourning, for the Lord 
he shall give them comfort. Seed in sorrow scattered 
yieldeth a joyful harvest. For he that goeth weep- 
ing and beareth seed so precious, shall come back 
rejoicing and bringing sheaves in plenty. 



56 THE GREENIIALGE MEMORIAL. 

n. 

Behold, all flesh is as the ffrass, and all the 
goodliness of man is as the grass and flowers. The 
grass it doth wither, and the flower it decayeth. 

Now therefore be patient, brethren, nnto the coming 
of Christ. 

See how the husbandman waiteth for the excellent 
fruit of autumn, and hath long ])atience for it, until 
he receive the rains of the morning and eveuini; 
showers. 

Behold, all flesh is as the grass, and all the 
goodliness of man is as the grass and flowers. The 
grass it doth wither, and the flower it decayeth. 

So then be patient ; God's word endureth ever, yea, 
in eternity. 

The redeemed of the I^ord shall return with singing 
unto Zion, coming rejoicing. 

Gladness eternal shall be upon them for aye ; 
gladness and ra|)ture, these shall be their portion : 
and tears and sighing shall flee from them. 

TIT. 
Blessed are the faithful, who in the Lord are 
sleeping, from henceforth. Saith the spirit, they may 
rest from their toil and labors ; their works of mercy 
follow after them. 



APPENDIX. 57 



Eulogy, .... Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge 
Hymn, "America," . . . . 8. F. Smith 

Frederick Lewis, Organist. 



[All are requested to rise and join in singing the hymn.] 

My country, 'tis of thee, 
Sweet land of liberty, — 

Of thee I sing : 
Land Avhere my fathers died. 
Land of the pilgrim's pride, 
From every mountain side 

Let freedom rina: ! 



Our fathers' God, to thee, 
Author of liberty, — 

To thee we sing : 
Long may our land be bright 
With freedom's holy light ; 
Protect us by thy might. 

Great God, our King. 



Benediction, . Rev, Edward Everett Hale^ D.D. 



Memorial Committee. 



JOHN M. HARLOW, 

of Oovernor^s Council. 

GEORGE P. LAWRENCE, 

President of Senate. 



GEORGE V. L. MEYER, 

Speaker of House of Representatives. 



RESOLUTIONS 



ON THE DEATH OF HIS LATE EXCELLENCY 



Frederic T. Greenhalge. 



WHEREAS, The Senate and House of Repre- 
sentatives of the Commonwealth of Massachu- 
setts in General Court assembled have learned with 
profound sorrow of the death of his late Excellency, 
Frederic T. Greenhalge, the honored and beloved 
Governor of this Commonwealth, — 

Resolved, That in his death the Commonwealth 
loses an able and devoted governor, the people of* 
the State a tried and loyal friend, the nation a high- 
minded and patriotic citizen. Having no advantages 
of fortune or of l)irth, this son of the people, by 
the force of his a])ility and worth, rose to fill high 
public stations and to render conspicuous services to 
the Commonwealth which he loved and which hon- 
ored him. Treading with cheerful steps the hard 
road of duty and of opportunity, he attained high 
success in his chosen fields of usefulness, and showed 



60 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 

once more the possibilities tliat, under our free 
institutions, lie before him who has the heart and 
strength to make the l)attle. 

His career is alike an inspiration and an example 
to ever}' ambitious 3'outh and to every man in pub- 
lic life. It bids the youth aspire and lit himself to 
deserve success. It calls upon him -who would win 
lasting approval in i)ublic affairs to cease time-serv- 
ing, and to serve the State as his sense of duty 
bids ; to cast aside timidity, and be In-ave ; to rise 
above the small expediency of the hour, and stand 
for i^rinciple and conviction ; to heed not the clamor 
of the day, l)ut to follow the call of duty. Ani- 
mated l)y such a spirit, he whom we mourn served 
well his State, his country and his age, and leaves 
for his family, his friends and his fellow-citizens a 
proud record and an honored and inspiring memory. 

liesolved, That these resolutions be entered on the 
journals of the two Houses, and that an engrossed 
copy of the same be sent to the bereaved family, 
to whom, in their deep affliction, the sincere s;ym- 
pathy of the Senate and the House and of the 
people of the entire Commonwealth is respectfully 
tendered. 



\ 



Commonfocult^ of p;assat^us£tts. 



BY 

HIS HONOR ROGER WOLCOTT, 

LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR, ACTING GOVERNOR AND COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF 
OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS: 



A Proclamation. 



WHEREAS, Frederic T. Greenhalge, late Governor 
and Commander-in-Chief of the Commonwealth 
of Massachusetts, died at Lowell on the fifth day of 
March, one thousand eight hundred and ninetj^-six ; and 

Whereas, The Constitution authorizes and requires 
the Lieutenant-Governor in such an event to perform 
all the duties incumbent upon, and to have and exercise 
all the powers and authorities vested with, the Gov- 
ernor of the Commonwealth : now, 

Therefore, It has l)ecorae my duty, in compliance 
with the usage of this government, to cause these facts 
to be and they are hereby made known by public 



62 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL. 

proclamation to the citizens of the Commonwealth, to 
the end that uU the people, and more especially all 
officers, civil and military, may take notice thereof 
and govern themselves accordingly. 

And further, I recommend to all city and town 
authorities that, hy the placing of flags at half-mast 
on all pu))lic l)uildings, hy the tolling of bells at the 
hour of the funeral, by ajipropriate exercises in the 
l)ub]ic schools, or In' such other method as may seem 
to them fitting, they shall give public expression to the 
grief of the pcoi)le of the Commonwealth at the death 
of their honored and l)oloved Chief Magistrate. 

Given at the Council Chamber, in Boston, this fifth 

day of ISIarch, in the year of our Lord one thousand 

eight hundred and ninety-six, and of tlie Independence 

of the United States of America the one hundred and 

twentieth. 

ROGER AVOLCOTT. 

Bij His Honor the Lieutenant- Oovcrnor^ vith 
the Advice and Consent of the Council. 

WILLIAM M. OLIX, 

Secretary. 

(Sob .$afat t^e Commonfetallb of ^asBatbuBttts. 



MEMORIAL TRIBUTE 

TO 

Governor Greenhalge 



Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 
Council Chamber, Boston, March 12, 1896. 

^pHE Lieutenant-Governor and the Executive Council 
1 of Massachusetts for the year 1896,, in common 
with all the people of this Commonwealth, feel a deep 
sense of loss to the State and nation in the premature 
death of our l)eloved Governor Frederic Thomas 
Greenhalo;e. 

He has left us in the maturit}^ of his early man- 
hood and in the full play of his splendid abilities to 
plan and to execute, and all the people may well o-ive 
expression to their grief at the untimely departure of 
a chief magistrate so entirely devoted to their service. 
This Council will miss his genial presence, his wise 
leadership and his personal friendship. 

Coming to this country in childhood and in hunil)le 
circumstances, he, like many others who have acquired 
leadership and fame, had to work out his destiny by 



/ 

64 THE GREENHALGE MEMORIAL, 



the forco of his indoniita})le Avill. His growtli und 
success were phenomenal. Heroes are Ijorn, not made, 
Frederic T. Greenhalge was })oth born great and 
grew great. He readily imbi])ed the si:)irit of American 
institutions, and his early life and the training of his 
intellectual powers in the schools was a line illustra- 
tion of American opportunity, American civilization 
and Massachusetts education. He was of and fov the 
people. He believed in them and trusted them. 
They believed in him and l()^■ed him, and when the 
power of speech and the tire of eloquence were called 
for to stir men to enthusiasm and action, they were 
sure to be found in Frederic T. Greenhalge. He cap- 
tivated men not so much by his eloquence as by his 
earnestness and his sincerity. A hnvyer by profession, 
he spent much of his life in the puldic service. In 
the councils and as mayor of his own city, in the 
Legislature of this State, he took position at the front 
and did good service. A brilliant career of two years 
in the National House of Representatives, and finally 
as Governor of this Connnonwealth, completed his i)ub- 
lic service ; every i)osition he tilled he adorned. He 
was a man of fixed opinions, and when conclusions 
were reached, and bi'lieved l)y him to be founded on 
principles of justice and truth, it was useless to try 
to chani::c his course. He was ronscientious and un- 



MEMORIAL TRIBUTE TO GOVERNOR GREENHALGE. 65 



tiring in his discharcre of pulilic duty, and, though 
sometimes criticised hy those who watched for his 
halting, his praises now fall from their lips. 

Taken prematurely in the middle of a career, which, 
had he lived, might have been greatly extended, he 
drops l)y the wayside leaving a reputation of honor- 
able service to the Commonwealth without a stain. 
History will assign him an honoral)le place in the lon«y 
line of illustrious chief magistrates of this Common- 
wealth, and his memory will live in the hearts of 
the people for ages yet to come. 

Without rudely iinading the sanctity of private 
grief, we tender our heartfelt sympathy to the sorrow- 
ing family. 




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